Comparative Philosophy

Comparative Philosophy

Critical interpretation of subject and object duality in Kant's philosophy based on the duality of subjective and universal world In the story of descent from the jurisprudential-interpretive perspective of Allameh Tabatabai

Document Type : Original Article

Author
ebrahim khani
Faculty of Imam Sadiq University
10.30487/cph.2025.2038084.1033
Abstract
In this article, an attempt is made to find the correct semantics for Kant's claims in a new format, relying on an interpretation method, but in the heart of our ruling and Quranic system, and to show that instead of completely accepting or rejecting Kant's claims, we can choose a third way. In order to achieve this goal, it has been shown with an analytical-philosophical method that similar to the duality of subject and object in Kant's philosophy, in the story of the fall of Adam, we are also faced with the duality of the spiritual world and the cosmic world.
And by relying on Allameh Tabatabai's deep and authoritative-Qur'anic interpretation of the story of descent and achieving a precise understanding of what, why, and how the cosmic world appears before the soul world in the process of Adam's descent, the dimensions and angles of Kant's idealistic philosophy can be examined. He made a criticism.
In this study, it was clarified that although similar to Kant's philosophy, the emergence of the categories of space and time and causality with its special characteristics in the cosmic world, is affected by deep changes in the human soul world that occurs in the process of descent, but at the same time, the centrality of these soul influences in the way The perception and emergence of the universal world does not mean that categories such as space, time, and causality are considered subjective.
Keywords
Kant's philosophy
subject and object
descent of Adam
universal and personal world
Subjects