The seedling of philosophy and rational thought in the Islamic world was sown in the mid-2nd century AH, particularly during the reign of Mansur al-Abbasid, with the rise of the translation movement. During this period, scientific and philosophical works were extensively translated from Greek, Syriac, and Pahlavi into Arabic. This trend continued in the East of the Islamic world through three paths: The Peripatetic, Illuminationist, and Transcendent Wisdom, while in the West, especially in Andalusia, it evolved with an emphasis on mystical and subsequently rational aspects. These developments not only enriched the epistemology of Islamic philosophy but also paved the way for the formation of new ideas.
Ibn Sina, the genius of the Eastern world, played a significant role in the development of epistemology. On the other hand, in the Western Islamic world, philosophers such as Ibn Bajja of Andalusia, drawing on the philosophical teachings of al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, and other thinkers,
This research examines and compares the issue of knowledge and cognition from the perspectives of two great philosophers, Ibn Sina and Ibn Bajja, using content analysis and the SWOT matrix. The results of this matrix show that in the realm of epistemology, the importance of reason is greater in Ibn Sina than in Ibn Bajja, while the role of intuition is more prominent in Ibn Bajja. Furthermore, the distance between philosophy and mysticism is greater in Ibn Sina and closer in Ibn Bajja, and finally, the emphasis on experience is less in Ibn Sina than in Ibn Bajja.